Inverter emergency braking without brake resistors
A
Yaskawa Electric Europe product story
Edited by the Engineeringtalk editorial team
Mar 5, 2001
Many inverter controlled, induction motor applications require the ability to stop quickly, and Yaskawa is proposing to achieve this by manipulating the commanded frequency
Many inverter controlled, induction motor applications require the ability to stop quickly.
These applications include emergency stops, quick stopping of fans, centrifuges, presses and so forth.
A novel method being proposed by engineers at Yaskawa in collaboration with engineers at Yaskawa Electric Corporation, Japan, uses the concept of operating the induction motor under very poor efficiency condition by manipulating the commanded frequency.
This method causes most of the regenerative energy to be dissipated in the motor thereby achieving fast stopping times without the need for braking resistor units.
Though the heat dissipating capability of the motor limits the number of times this stopping method can be employed, eliminating the braking unit along with the brake resistor brings significant economic benefit to user.
Currently the two common stopping methods, coasting and decelerated stop, are currently available in most inverters without regenerative converters at the front end.
In the coasting method, the control signals for turning the output lGBTs of the inverter ON and OFF are turned to OFF, no voltage is provided to the motor and it coasts to a stop.
The time taken for the motor to come to rest depends on the inertia of the rotor-load combination and the load torque including mechanical friction.
In the decelerated stopping method, the motor is commanded to operate at a reduced frequency (speed).
The commanded frequency is gradually reduced to bring the motor to rest.
Due to the inertia of the rotor-load combination, the speed cannot be reduced instantaneously.
Since the commanded speed is lower than the actual rotating speed of the rotor, the motor starts behaving like an induction generator.
Decelerating torque is produced which corresponds to losses in the motor and inverter, which is responsible for bringing the motor to a stop The deceleration stopping method requires careful selection of the deceleration time to achieve optimum stopping performance.
The stopping time can be shortened if the user uses a brake unit across the DC bus.
The fastest stopping time achievable depends on the size of the brake unit.
The size and cost of the additional IGBT-resistor combination is an added burden to the end user.
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